"er" meaning in Middle English

See er in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adverb

IPA: /ɛ̝ːr/
Etymology: From Old English ǣr, from Proto-West Germanic *airi, from Proto-Germanic *airi. Etymology templates: {{etymon|enm|:inh|ang:ǣr|id=early}} [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*airi", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*airiz", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old English", "term" : "ǣr", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ang" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "er", "lang" : "enm" }" data-id="early" data-lang="enm" data-title="er" id="Middle_English:_early">, {{inh|enm|ang|ǣr}} Old English ǣr, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*airi}} Proto-West Germanic *airi, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*airi}} Proto-Germanic *airi Head templates: {{head|enm|adverb}} er
  1. early
    Sense id: en-er-enm-adv-9AiDC8x~
  2. earlier
    Sense id: en-er-enm-adv-KlHTVHwj
  3. formerly
    Sense id: en-er-enm-adv-U5l1MgJx
  4. rather
    Sense id: en-er-enm-adv-0f-vAmW7 Categories (other): Pages using etymon with no ID, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Grasses Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 0 26 0 0 0 74 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 0 1 0 25 17 8 10 0 6 17 16 Disambiguation of Grasses: 0 0 0 29 18 6 11 0 3 18 15
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: erly
Etymology number: 1

Determiner

Head templates: {{head|enm|determiner|altform=1}} er
  1. alternative form of hire (“her”, genitive) Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: hire (extra: “her”, genitive)
    Sense id: en-er-enm-det-uwUJwsfW
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Determiner

Head templates: {{head|enm|determiner|altform=1}} er
  1. alternative form of here (“their”) Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: here (extra: their)
    Sense id: en-er-enm-det-fYH9qqB2
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 6

Noun

IPA: /ɛ̝ːr/ Forms: eres [plural], eere [alternative], ere [alternative], eyre [alternative], ȝer [alternative], ner [alternative], ear [alternative]
Etymology: PIE root *h₂eḱ- Inherited from Old English ēar, æhher, from Proto-West Germanic *ahaʀ, from Proto-Germanic *ahaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱos. The form ner displays reanalysis of the /n/ of the article an as belonging to the noun. Etymology templates: {{PIE root box|enm|h₂eḱ-}} PIE root *h₂eḱ-, {{etymon|enm|:inh|ang:ēar<id:of grain>|id=of grain}} [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*ahaz", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-West Germanic", "term" : "*ahaʀ", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gmw-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old English", "term" : "ēar", "lang" : "ang" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "er", "lang" : "enm" }" data-id="of grain" data-lang="enm" data-title="er" id="Middle_English:_of_grain">, {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|enm|ang|ēar|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old English ēar, {{inh+|enm|ang|ēar}} Inherited from Old English ēar, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*ahaʀ}} Proto-West Germanic *ahaʀ, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*ahaz}} Proto-Germanic *ahaz, {{inh|enm|ine-pro|*h₂éḱos}} Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱos Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} er, {{enm-noun|eres}} er (plural eres)
  1. ear (fruiting body of a grain plant)
    Sense id: en-er-enm-noun-GCy9v70v
  2. (rare) A cluster of fruit. Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-er-enm-noun-EhQXW88n
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Noun

Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|altform=1}} er
  1. alternative form of eere (“ear of grain”) Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: eere (extra: ear of grain)
    Sense id: en-er-enm-noun-CUtQmcwh
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 5

Pronoun

Head templates: {{head|enm|pronoun|altform=1}} er
  1. alternative form of hire (“hers”) Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: hire (extra: hers)
    Sense id: en-er-enm-pron-2BXpiY4p
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Pronoun

Head templates: {{head|enm|pronoun|altform=1}} er
  1. alternative form of hire (“her”, object) Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: hire (extra: “her”, object)
    Sense id: en-er-enm-pron-5OvTKnYJ
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 4

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "erly"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "ere"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "air"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "ear"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ang:ǣr",
        "id": "early"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*airi\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*airiz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ǣr\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"er\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-id=\"early\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"er\" id=\"Middle_English:_early\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ǣr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ǣr",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*airi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *airi",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*airi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *airi",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English ǣr, from Proto-West Germanic *airi, from Proto-Germanic *airi.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "er",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "early"
      ],
      "id": "en-er-enm-adv-9AiDC8x~",
      "links": [
        [
          "early",
          "early"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "earlier"
      ],
      "id": "en-er-enm-adv-KlHTVHwj",
      "links": [
        [
          "earlier",
          "earlier"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "formerly"
      ],
      "id": "en-er-enm-adv-U5l1MgJx",
      "links": [
        [
          "formerly",
          "formerly"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 26 0 0 0 74",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 1 0 25 17 8 10 0 6 17 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 0 29 18 6 11 0 3 18 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Grasses",
          "orig": "enm:Grasses",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rather"
      ],
      "id": "en-er-enm-adv-0f-vAmW7",
      "links": [
        [
          "rather",
          "rather"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɛ̝ːr/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "er"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "ear"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "aicher"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "aiker"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "icker"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "acker"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "aker"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "akker"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "eichyr"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "aicher"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "aiker"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "icker"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "acker"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "aker"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "akker"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "ekir"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "h₂eḱ-"
      },
      "expansion": "PIE root\n *h₂eḱ-",
      "name": "PIE root box"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ang:ēar<id:of grain>",
        "id": "of grain"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*ahaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*ahaʀ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ēar\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"er\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-id=\"of grain\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"er\" id=\"Middle_English:_of_grain\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ēar",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ēar",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ēar"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English ēar",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*ahaʀ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ahaʀ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*ahaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ahaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂éḱos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱos",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "PIE root\n *h₂eḱ-\nInherited from Old English ēar, æhher, from Proto-West Germanic *ahaʀ, from Proto-Germanic *ahaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱos.\nThe form ner displays reanalysis of the /n/ of the article an as belonging to the noun.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "eres",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eere",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ere",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eyre",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ȝer",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ner",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ear",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "er",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "eres"
      },
      "expansion": "er (plural eres)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "ear (fruiting body of a grain plant)"
      ],
      "id": "en-er-enm-noun-GCy9v70v",
      "links": [
        [
          "ear",
          "ear"
        ],
        [
          "fruiting",
          "fruiting#English"
        ],
        [
          "body",
          "body#English"
        ],
        [
          "grain",
          "grain#English"
        ],
        [
          "plant",
          "plant#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "A cluster of fruit."
      ],
      "id": "en-er-enm-noun-EhQXW88n",
      "links": [
        [
          "cluster",
          "cluster"
        ],
        [
          "fruit",
          "fruit"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) A cluster of fruit."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɛ̝ːr/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "er"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "determiner",
        "altform": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "er",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "det",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "“her”, genitive",
          "word": "hire"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of hire (“her”, genitive)"
      ],
      "id": "en-er-enm-det-uwUJwsfW",
      "links": [
        [
          "hire",
          "hire#Middle_English:_her"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "er"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "pronoun",
        "altform": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "er",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "hers",
          "word": "hire"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of hire (“hers”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-er-enm-pron-2BXpiY4p",
      "links": [
        [
          "hire",
          "hire#Middle_English:_hers"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "er"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "pronoun",
        "altform": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "er",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "“her”, object",
          "word": "hire"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of hire (“her”, object)"
      ],
      "id": "en-er-enm-pron-5OvTKnYJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "hire",
          "hire#Middle_English:_her_(acc.)"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "er"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 5,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "altform": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "er",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "ear of grain",
          "word": "eere"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of eere (“ear of grain”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-er-enm-noun-CUtQmcwh",
      "links": [
        [
          "eere",
          "eere#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "er"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 6,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "determiner",
        "altform": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "er",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "det",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "their",
          "word": "here"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of here (“their”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-er-enm-det-fYH9qqB2",
      "links": [
        [
          "here",
          "here#Middle_English:_their"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "er"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adverbs",
    "Middle English alternative forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ey- (day)",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 55 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Grasses"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "erly"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "ere"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "air"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "ear"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ang:ǣr",
        "id": "early"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*airi\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*airiz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ǣr\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"er\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-id=\"early\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"er\" id=\"Middle_English:_early\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ǣr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ǣr",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*airi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *airi",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*airi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *airi",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English ǣr, from Proto-West Germanic *airi, from Proto-Germanic *airi.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "er",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "early"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "early",
          "early"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "earlier"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "earlier",
          "earlier"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "formerly"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "formerly",
          "formerly"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "rather"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rather",
          "rather"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɛ̝ːr/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "er"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English alternative forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eḱ-",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 55 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Grasses"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "ear"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "aicher"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "aiker"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "icker"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "acker"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "aker"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "akker"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "eichyr"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "aicher"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "aiker"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "icker"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "acker"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "aker"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "akker"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "ekir"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "h₂eḱ-"
      },
      "expansion": "PIE root\n *h₂eḱ-",
      "name": "PIE root box"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ang:ēar<id:of grain>",
        "id": "of grain"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*ahaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*ahaʀ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ēar\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"er\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-id=\"of grain\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"er\" id=\"Middle_English:_of_grain\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ēar",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ēar",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ēar"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English ēar",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*ahaʀ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ahaʀ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*ahaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ahaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂éḱos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱos",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "PIE root\n *h₂eḱ-\nInherited from Old English ēar, æhher, from Proto-West Germanic *ahaʀ, from Proto-Germanic *ahaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱos.\nThe form ner displays reanalysis of the /n/ of the article an as belonging to the noun.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "eres",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eere",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ere",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eyre",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ȝer",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ner",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ear",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "er",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "eres"
      },
      "expansion": "er (plural eres)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "ear (fruiting body of a grain plant)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ear",
          "ear"
        ],
        [
          "fruiting",
          "fruiting#English"
        ],
        [
          "body",
          "body#English"
        ],
        [
          "grain",
          "grain#English"
        ],
        [
          "plant",
          "plant#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A cluster of fruit."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cluster",
          "cluster"
        ],
        [
          "fruit",
          "fruit"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) A cluster of fruit."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɛ̝ːr/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "er"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English alternative forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Pages with 55 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Grasses"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "determiner",
        "altform": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "er",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "det",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "“her”, genitive",
          "word": "hire"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of hire (“her”, genitive)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hire",
          "hire#Middle_English:_her"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "er"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English alternative forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Pages with 55 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Grasses"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "pronoun",
        "altform": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "er",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "hers",
          "word": "hire"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of hire (“hers”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hire",
          "hire#Middle_English:_hers"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "er"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English alternative forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Pages with 55 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Grasses"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "pronoun",
        "altform": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "er",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "“her”, object",
          "word": "hire"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of hire (“her”, object)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hire",
          "hire#Middle_English:_her_(acc.)"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "er"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English alternative forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Pages with 55 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Grasses"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 5,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "altform": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "er",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "ear of grain",
          "word": "eere"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of eere (“ear of grain”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "eere",
          "eere#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "er"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English alternative forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Pages with 55 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Grasses"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 6,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "determiner",
        "altform": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "er",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "det",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "their",
          "word": "here"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of here (“their”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "here",
          "here#Middle_English:_their"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "er"
}

Download raw JSONL data for er meaning in Middle English (10.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-05-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-05-01 using wiktextract (f3d3fdb and ae80fde). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.